In a cross-sectional and longitudinal study in Canada, nine known risk factors for overweight and obesity were examined. Only short-sleep duration, low dietary calcium intake and high disinhibited eating were found to be significantly associated with higher BMI in both men and women. Short sleep duration had a greater effect than parental obesity, television viewing and physical inactivity. Population studies indicate that sleep duration has decreased over recent years. The authors note that affecting obesity by addressing the traditional risk factors – reduced physical activity, high caloric intake and high fat intake – have not been very successful and that attention to factors which are not caloric per se may be worthwhile. Risk factors for adult overweight and obesity in t… [Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009] – PubMed result